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Table 3 Accuracy of students’ landmark identification evaluated as the mean radial error and the successful detection rate below different thresholds

From: Accuracy and tracing time of cephalometric analyses on a tablet or desktop computer

 

Mean Radial Error (mm)

Successful Detection Rate (%)

Landmark

M

SD

95% CI

1 mm

2 mm

4 mm

8 mm

S

0.79

1.07

[0.67, 0.92]

81.9

90.3

99.6

99.6

N

0.81

1.24

[0.66, 0.96]

80.9

92.4

96.8

99.6

P

3.77

3.04

[3.41, 4.13]

15.9

31.4

65.0

89.5

Ba

3.76

3.69

[3.32, 4.20]

14.8

42.6

70.0

85.2

Or

1.77

1.29

[1.62, 1.92]

24.5

71.1

94.2

99.6

Pt

3.18

3.42

[2.78, 3.59]

13.4

47.3

78.3

90.6

Spp

1.39

3.41

[0.99, 1.80]

64.6

83.0

92.8

99.6

Spa

2.58

3.80

[2.13, 3.02]

26.7

53.4

85.9

96.0

A

1.58

1.63

[1.38, 1.77]

40.4

74.4

94.6

99.6

Co

4.92

3.26

[4.54, 5.31]

11.2

27.4

45.8

72.9

DC

2.53

2.81

[2.20, 2.87]

28.5

58.8

84.1

93.1

R1

3.50

3.96

[3.03, 3.97]

18.4

48.0

76.9

87.4

R2

2.76

2.48

[2.46, 3.05]

26.7

45.8

80.5

94.6

R3

3.96

3.41

[3.56, 4.36]

6.5

30.7

69.0

88.8

R4

5.86

3.30

[5.47, 6.25]

10.1

18.4

36.1

65.0

Xi

3.19

2.16

[2.94, 3.45]

13.4

38.3

63.5

98.2

hT

2.89

1.92

[2.66, 3.12]

17.0

39.0

74.0

97.5

Me

1.78

2.81

[1.45, 2.11]

56.3

78.7

90.6

96.0

Po

1.29

0.96

[1.17, 1.40]

46.2

80.9

98.2

100.0

B

1.36

1.17

[1.22, 1.50]

49.5

77.6

96.8

99.6

Pm

1.19

0.98

[1.07, 1.30]

50.9

84.1

99.3

100.0

Gnk

0.81

0.96

[0.69, 0.92]

79.8

93.9

97.1

100.0

UpIe

0.37

0.19

[0.35, 0.39]

99.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

UpIa

1.11

1.08

[0.98, 1.24]

61.7

88.1

97.5

99.6

LoIe

0.28

0.16

[0.26, 0.30]

99.6

100.0

100.0

100.0

LoIa

1.30

0.98

[1.19, 1.42]

43.0

84.5

97.5

100.0

1UpMdc

1.69

2.52

[1.39, 1.99]

53.4

77.3

91.3

97.5

1UpMma

1.60

2.18

[1.34, 1.86]

40.4

84.8

96.0

96.8

Ap

0.61

0.47

[0.55, 0.66]

83.0

98.9

100.0

100.0

Sn

0.67

0.58

[0.60, 0.74]

83.8

97.5

99.3

100.0

UpL

1.31

1.15

[1.17, 1.44]

54.2

78.7

96.8

100.0

LoL

0.94

0.86

[0.84, 1.05]

67.1

92.8

99.3

100.0

Pom

2.05

1.37

[1.88, 2.21]

27.8

54.5

91.3

99.6