Table 4 Comparison of the TMJ measurement values on the left and right sides before and after clear functional aligners treatment (x ± s, mm)

AJS

2.76 ± 0.21

2.74 ± 0.20

0.082

2.72 ± 0.19

2.73 ± 0.19

0.570

SJS

2.93 ± 0.17

2.93 ± 0.17

0.638

3.00 ± 0.22

3.01 ± 0.22

0.533

PJS

2.62 ± 0.24

2.60 ± 0.24

0.244

2.69 ± 0.18

2.66 ± 0.20

0.109

MJS

2.87 ± 0.19

2.89 ± 0.20

0.154

2.89 ± 0.19

2.90 ± 0.19

0.500

LJS

2.60 ± 0.25

2.61 ± 0.23

0.591

2.63 ± 0.25

2.65 ± 0.25

0.220

WGF

29.10 ± 1.24

29.15 ± 1.38

0.656

29.48 ± 1.41

29.43 ± 1.28

0.504

DGF

13.63 ± 0.76

13.65 ± 0.81

0.877

15.41 ± 1.02

15.32 ± 1.02

0.113

HC

9.22 ± 0.60

9.22 ± 0.52

0.978

11.75 ± 0.87

11.45 ± 0.83

0.060

SCA (°)

73.74 ± 2.44

73.89 ± 2.49

0.462

73.20 ± 1.99

72.06 ± 2.05

0.096

HCA (°)

72.54 ± 3.01

72.81 ± 3.25

0.443

72.58 ± 3.27

72.57 ± 3.43

0.889

IEDC

16.55 ± 1.93

16.89 ± 2.04

0.074

17.60 ± 1.54

17.64 ± 1.62

0.625

APDC

8.50 ± 0.65

8.52 ± 0.68

0.790

9.36 ± 0.74

9.38 ± 0.80

0.778

VC (mm³)

1206.26 ± 260.81

1175.46 ± 228.62

0.393

1258.60 ± 153.97

1244.23 ± 157.33

0.395

SC (mm²)

1478.91 ± 201.93

1511.99 ± 196.03

0.094

1606.33 ± 163.27

1610.45 ± 161.10

0.751

LMR

60.22 ± 4.71

60.68 ± 5.05

0.052

63.28 ± 4.25

63.53 ± 4.45

0.084

LMB

79.44 ± 4.20

79.01 ± 4.23

0.211

81.51 ± 4.09

81.42 ± 4.11

0.770

WMR

31.16 ± 2.42

31.14 ± 2.00

0.919

31.68 ± 2.08

31.70 ± 2.06

0.855

ML

113.46 ± 4.85

113.75 ± 4.91

0.128

117.62 ± 3.76

117.74 ± 3.86

0.132